The Influence of Prefermentation Skin Contact, Stabulation, and Skin Fermentation on the Aromatic Behaviour and Phenolic Compounds of Important Austrian White Wine Cultivars
Table 7
Average content of volatile and phenolic compounds and the sum parameters of Grüner Veltliner variants (25°C) (the entire dataset is shown in Table S9).
GV C 25°C
GV 12 h SC 25°C
GV PMF 25°C
GV FMF 25°C
Rotundone (ng/l)
8a ± 1
9a ± 0
41b ± 1
43c ± 1
3MHA (ng/l)
10a ± 1
12a ± 2
35b ± 3
33b ± 3
3MH (ng/l)
104a ± 1
181b ± 3
228d ± 2
224c ± 2
IBMP (ng/l)
<2
<2
<2
<2
Sum free monoterpenes (μg/l)
7.3a ± 0.6
10.2b ± 0.9
13.2c ± 1.4
12.4c ± 0.3
Sum aromatic esters (μg/l)
6.1a ± 0.5
7.9b ± 0.8
5.5a ± 0.4
5.6a ± 0.4
Sum acetate esters of higher alcohols (μg/l)
566.3b ± 15.0
962.2c ± 103.3
352.0a ± 13.3
356.1a ± 10.2
Sum ethyl esters of carboxylic acids with an even number of C atoms (μg/l)
1.941, 8b ± 118.7
2.002, 8b ± 96.4
765.8a ± 9.4
725.1a ± 43.5
Sum esters of higher alcohols and medium-length chain carboxylic acids (μg/l)
7.5 ± 0.1
7.5 ± 0.5
7.4 ± 0.1
7.4 ± 0.2
Sum ethyl esters of carboxylic acids with an odd number of C atoms (μg/l)
2.4a ± 0.2
2.5a ± 0.3
3.6b ± 0.1
3.5b ± 0.0
Sum ester of branched carboxylic acids (μg/l)
7.0 ± 0.5
7.2 ± 0.2
6.7 ± 0.3
6.4 ± 0.2
Sum isoamyl ester of medium-long chain carboxylic acids (μg/l)
1.4 ± 0.1
1.4 ± 0.2
1.3 ± 0.1
1.2 ± 0.1
Sum methyl esters (μg/l)
3.5 ± 0.1
4.1 ± 0.3
4.1 ± 0.2
4.1 ± 0.2
Sum minor esters (μg/l)
2.536, 0b ± 131.3
2.995, 5c ± 166.1
1.146, 3a ± 5.2
1.109, 3a ± 53.6
Sum higher alcohols (mg/l)
104.49a ± 3.76
129.04b ± 7.34
170.91c ± 5.99
165.24c ± 3.34
Sum C6 compounds (mg/l)
0.71a ± 0.02
0.76ab ± 0.04
0.83c ± 0.01
0.80bc ± 0.02
Sum major ethyl esters (mg/l)
85.21b ± 2.50
85.12b ± 1.61
57.04a ± 0.10
54.06a ± 1.43
Sum carbonacids (mg/l)
20.20b ± 1.64
27.50c ± 0.59
12.98a ± 0.79
12.75a ± 0.46
Total phenols (g/l)
0.06a ± 0.00
0.06a ± 0.00
0.21b ± 0.00
0.21b ± 0.01
GV C: control; GV 12 h SC: 12 h of prefermentation skin contact; GV PMF: partial mash fermentation; GV FMF: full mash fermentation. N = 3 per treatment variant. The same letter indicates no significant difference. The data were analysed with one-way analysis of variance with the Benjamin–Hochberg correction followed by the Tukey B test for pairwise comparisons ().
