|
| Journal author | Natural language processing (NLP) | Machine learning algorithms |
|
| Amer and Siddiqui [12] | Tokenization
Stop word removal
Stemming
Term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF)
Count vectorizer | Random forest
Decision tree |
|
| Patwa et al. [13] | Term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) | Decision tree
Logistic regression
Gradient boost
Support vector machines (SVM) |
|
| Madani et al. [14] | Tokenization
Stop words removal
URLs and punctuation removal
Hashtag extraction
Words with character removal
Stemming
TextBlob library–sentiment analysis | Logistic regression
Decision tree
Naïve Bayes
Support vector machines (SVM)
Random forest
Gradient boosting
Multilayer perceptron (MLP) |
|
| Elhadad et al. [15] | Text parsing
Part of speech (POS) tagging
Stop words removal
Stemming
Term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF)–unigram, bigram, trigram, N-gram (2 : 3)
Word embeddings
5-fold cross validation | Decision tree
kNN
Logistic regression
Linear support vector
Machines
Multinomial Naïve Bayes
Bernoulli Naïve Bayes
Perceptron
Neural network
Ensemble random Forest
Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) |
|
| Felber [16] | Stop word removal
Link removal
Lemmatization/stemming
Reply removal
Lowercase transformation
XML entity replacement | Linear support vector
Machines
Logistic regression
Multilayer perceptron
Naïve Bayes
Random forest |
|
| Pathwar and Gill [17] | Stop words removal
Stemming
Word embedding
Term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) | Gradient boost
kNN
Multinomial Naïve Bayes
Random forest
Convolutional neural network (CNN)
Dense neural network (DNN)
Recurrent neural network (RNN)
Random multimodel deep learning–CNN, DNN, RNN |
|
| Bondielli and Marcelloni [11] | Sentiment analysis
Opinion mining | Support vector machines
Decision tree
Random forest
Logistic regression
Recurrent neural networks (RNN)
Convolutional neural networks (CNN)
Factor analysis of mixed data (FAMD) |
|
| Ahmad et al. [18] | — | Voting classifier |
(1) Logistic regression, random forest, kNN
(2) Logistic regression, linear support vector machines, classification and regression tree (CART) |
| Machine learning algorithms |
Logistic regression
Support vector machines (SVM)
Multilayer perceptron kNN |
| Ensemble learners |
Random forest
Bagging ensemble classifier
Boosting ensemble classifier
Voting ensemble classifier |
|
| Joju and Kammath [19] | — | Logistic regression
Naïve Bayes
Passive aggressive classifiers
Random forest
Support vector machines |
|
