Characteristics and Development Mechanisms of Northeast Cold Vortices

Figure 12

Meridional-vertical cross-sections of the temperature advection (unit: 10⁻⁵ K·s⁻¹) along 125°E for NCVs in (a) May-September, (b) late spring, and (c) early autumn and MCVs in (d) May-September and (e) summer. The solid and dashed contours indicate the cold and warm advection, respectively. Shaded areas indicate temperature advection lower than −3 10⁻⁵ K·s⁻¹.