An Improved Numerical Model of Shield Tunnel with Double Lining and Its Applications

Table 5

Material parameters of double linings.

Subject	Material	Elastic modulus (kPa)	Density (kg/m^3)	Poisson’s ratio
Segment lining	C50 concrete	3.45 × 10^7	2450	0.2
Secondary lining	C30 concrete	3.00 × 10^7	2450	0.2