Property Optimisation of EPDM Rubber Composites Using Mathematical and Statistical Strategies

Table 7

Constraint requirements posed on mechanical properties (HD, TS, EB, and RS) and raw materials’ (CC, PO, and VA) weight fraction ranges that minimise costs of the composites, as returned by the PSO algorithm.

Name	Goal	Lower limit	Upper limit
HD (Shore A)	In the range	65	75
TS (MPa)	In the range	7.5	12.5
EB (%)	In the range	490	560
RS (%)	In the range	23	28
CT (US$/kg)	Minimise	—	—
X1 (CC)	In the range	0.00	1.00
X2 (PO)	In the range	0.40	0.80
X3 (VA)	In the range	0.008	0.020