Coal Bottom Ash for Portland Cement Production

Table 1

Chemical composition of raw materials: coal bottom ash (BA), coal fly ash (FA), and cement (%).

Oxides	SiO2	Al2O3	Fe2O3	CaO	MgO	SO3	K2O	Ti2O5	P2O5	LOI	IR	Cl^−
Cement	20.9	4.3	3.5	62.7	1.9	3.4	0.9	0.25	0.10	3.7	1.04	0.023
FA	50.5	28.9	4.7	5.0	1.8	0.21	0.8	1.56	0.76	3.6	71.3	0.000
BA	52.2	27.5	6.0	5.9	1.7	0.13	0.6	1.53	0.74	1.8	75.7	0.001

Insoluble residue determined by the Na₂CO₃ method (European standard EN 196-2:2013).