Review of Development Status of Bi₂Te₃-Based Semiconductor Thermoelectric Power Generation

Table 6

List of TE modules and their properties (reproduced from [52] with permission).

Manufacturer	Materials	Temperature difference ΔT	Power weight	Status	Maximum temperature	Information outlook
HiZ, Thermonamic, Lairdtech, Marlow, Komatsu etc.	Bi2Te3	300 K	20 W 115 g	€40–€100	300°C	Scarce (rare earth), toxicity
Evident thermoelectric	Half-Heusler	500 K	15 W	Coming soon	600°C	Environmentally friendly, low cost, availability of raw, materials
Shanghai Institute of Ceramics	Skutterudites	510 K	25 W	Coming soon	600°C	Environmentally friendly, low cost, availability of raw materials
TEGMA	Skutterudites	—	—	Still in development	—	Environmentally friendly, low cost, availability of raw materials
TECTEG MFR	Calcium/Manganese oxide	750 K	12.3 W	Available	800°C	Environmentally friendly, low cost, availability of raw materials
TECTEG MFR cascade modules	Calcium/Manganese oxides with Bi2Te3	435 K	11 W	Available	600°C	—
TECTEG MFR hybrid modules	BiTe–PbTe	320 K	21.7 W	Available	360°C	Scarce (rare earth), toxicity
Hotblock Onboard	Silicon-based alloy	500 K	3.6 W 6 g	Available	600°C	Environmentally friendly, low cost, availability of raw materials
Romny Scientific	Magnesium silicide	—	—	Coming soon	600°C	Low $/Watt target: 1$/W
Alphabet energy	p type tetrahedritesnn-type magnesium silicide	300 K	9.2 W	Available	600°C	Tetrahedrite is a naturally occurring p type mineral
OTEGOCDT	Organic TEG	Small temperature gradients	—	Coming soon	130°C	Environmentally friendly, low cost, easily scalable