Effect of Seepage Velocity on Formation of Shaft Frozen Wall in Loose Aquifer

Figure 8

Temperature curve at measurement points for different initial seepage velocities and distribution of frozen area and seepage line after 40 d of freezing. (a) = 0 m/d. (b) = 5 m/d. (c) = 7 m/d and (d) = 9 m/d.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)