Biological Resistance and Application Properties of Particleboards Containing Nano-Zinc Oxide

Table 2

Biological resistances of the control PB and the nano-ZnO-treated PBs against two bacteria, two molds, and the brown-rot fungus C. puteana.

Biocidal properties of PBs	Bacterial activity (10^8 CFU/ml)				Growth intensity of the mold (0–4)		Weight loss (%)
Nano-ZnO (% wt. in MUF glue)	Staphylococcus aureus		Escherichia coli		Penicillium brevicompactum	Aspergillus niger	Coniophora puteana
	0.5	1.0	0.5	1.0
0	0.19	0.40	0.15	0.38	2.33 (0.52)	2.67 (0.52)	17.38 (2.96)
2	0.17	0.40	0.13	0.36	1.83 (0.41)^d	2.00 (0.63)^c	11.60 (0.27)^a
6	0.13	0.31	0.15	0.34	1.33 (0.52)^b	2.17 (0.41)^d	6.34 (0.31)^a
12	0.12	0.23	0.14	0.24	1.33 (0.52)^b	1.83 (0.41)^b	4.68 (1.61)^a
24	0.05	0.12	0.12	0.19	1.17 (0.41)^a	1.00 (0.00)^a	2.48 (1.04)^a

Note. Mean values: (1) activity of each bacterium from 3 samples, (2) growth intensity of each mold from 6 samples, and (3) decay attack with C. puteana from 6 samples; standard deviations are in parentheses; the Duncan test with levels of significance (^a >99.9%, ^b>99%  to ≤99.9%, ^c > 95% to≤ 99%, and ^d < 95%) evaluating bioeffects of nano-ZnO on the treated PBs in relation to the control PB; the values 0.5 and 1.0 represent the density of the bacterial suspension in the McFarland scale.