Size Effects of Finite Element Model for Three-Dimensional Microstructural Modeling of Asphalt Mixture

Figure 7

Numerical models of four different voxels for AC-16: (a) voxel edge length = 2 mm; (b) voxel edge length = 1 mm; (c) voxel edge length = 0.67 mm; (d) voxel edge length = 0.5 mm.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)