Comparative Study on Grouting Protection Schemes for Shield Tunneling to Adjacent Viaduct Piles

Table 2

Parameters of pile, segment, and grouting material.

Materials	Elasticity modulus (MPa)	Poisson’s ratio	Density (kN·m^−3)
Pile foundation	3.15 × 10^4	0.3	23.0
Shield segment	2.415 × 10^4	0.2	25.0
Grouting	2 × 10^2	0.3	22.0