Co-Effects of Graphene Oxide and Cement on Geotechnical Properties of Loess

Figure 12

Schematic diagrams of absorption and exchange effect of ions: (a) loose structure before the effect; (b) denser structure after the effect; (c) detail of absorption and exchange effect of ions between GO and cement hydration products and loess particles; (d) thinner double electric layer after absorption and exchange effect of ions, responsible for the denser structure.