Experimental Study and Proposal to Improve the EWM Design of Cold-Formed Steel Lipped Channel Columns with Circular Holes under Axial Compression

<div>Coupon tests. (a) Tension coupons and failure modes of coupons. (b) Stress-strain curves of tension coupons.</div>

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Figure 4

Figure 4: Experimental Study and Proposal to Improve the EWM Design of Cold-Formed Steel Lipped Channel Columns with Circular Holes under Axial Compression 

Figure 4 | Experimental Study and Proposal to Improve the EWM Design of Cold-Formed Steel Lipped Channel Columns with Circular Holes under Axial Compression 