Experimental Study and Proposal to Improve the EWM Design of Cold-Formed Steel Lipped Channel Columns with Circular Holes under Axial Compression

Table 1

Nominal and measured dimensions of specimens.

Specimen	Nominal dimensions					Measured dimensions						Maximal initial imperfection Δmax (mm)
	L (mm)	h (mm)	b (mm)	a (mm)	t (mm)	L1 (mm)	h1 (mm)	b1 (mm)	b2 (mm)	a1 (mm)	a2 (mm)
C80-05-NH-1	500	80	60	10	0.80	499.56	78.31	59.03	60.03	10.02	9.94	0.512
C80-05-NH-2						499.65	79.12	59.21	59.11	10.05	10.03	0.587
C80-05-1H3-1						499.75	79.56	59.46	58.97	9.78	10.11	0.487
C80-05-1H3-2						499.55	79.41	59.23	60.04	9.86	9.77	0.716
C80-05-1H5-1						499.25	79.38	59.79	59.42	9.82	9.86	0.674
C80-05-1H5-2						499.65	78.11	59.32	59.44	10.02	9.91	0.575
C80-05-1H7-1						499.91	79.26	59.82	58.97	9.87	9.89	0.697
C80-05-1H7-2						499.72	79.11	59.48	59.64	9.92	9.71	0.656
C80-10-NH-1	1000	80	60	10	0.8	1000.10	79.22	58.88	60.03	9.97	10.23	0.682
C80-10-NH-2						1000.20	79.77	58.99	59.15	10.15	9.86	0.758
C80-10-1H3-1						1000.10	79.53	59.51	59.04	10.12	9.24	1.091
C80-10-1H3-2						999.90	79.550	58.73	59.39	9.55	10.22	0.753
C80-10-1H5-1						1000.00	79.44	59.22	58.33	10.12	10.03	1.015
C80-10-1H5-2						999.90	79.40	59.93	59.30	9.58	9.42	1.022
C80-10-1H7-1						1000.00	78.99	59.55	60.09	9.07	9.94	1.026
C80-10-1H7-2						1000.10	79.94	59.58	59.50	9.27	9.34	1.152
C80-10-1H3-1						1000.0	78.55	58.48	59.23	10.15	10.04	0.753
C80-10-2H3-2						999.8	79.04	60.39	59.88	9.79	9.05	0.584
C80-10-2H5-1						1000.1	79.19	59.03	58.92	10.03	10.39	0.754
C80-10-2H5-2						999.8	78.63	59.53	60.14	16.66	9.78	0.642
C80-10-2H7-1						999.9	79.46	59.55	59.49	10.06	9.85	1.068
C80-10-2H7-2						999.8	79.14	59.14	59.63	9.75	9.74	1.102
C80-20-NH-1	2000	80	60	10	0.8	2000.16	79.22	58.12	58.46	9.69	9.96	1.015
C80-20-NH-2						1999.94	79.09	59.13	59.47	9.48	9.68	1.007
C80-20-3H3-1						1999.66	79.08	58.73	59.68	8.75	9.23	0.796
C80-20-3H3-2						1999.72	78.37	59.67	59.25	9.48	8.57	0.874
C80-20-3H5-1						2000.13	79.44	58.21	58.82	9.87	9.41	1.122
C80-20-3H5-2						1999.83	78.89	58.45	58.87	9.78	9.49	0.923
C80-20-3H7-1						2000.09	79.13	57.86	58.69	9.64	9.91	0.905
C80-20-3H7-2						2000.17	79.67	57.82	58.45	9.99	9.80	1.053
C90-05-NH-1	500	90	50	15	0.8	499.53	87.05	49.29	48.69	14.85	15.27	0.917
C90-05-NH-2						499.45	87.75	49.08	48.85	14.67	14.84	0.916
C90-05-1H3-1						499.66	89.04	48.78	48.75	14.57	14.87	0.757
C90-05-1H3-2						499.73	87.36	48.93	48.99	14.75	14.99	0.466
C90-05-1H5-1						499.57	86.79	49.02	49.36	14.88	15.52	0.589
C90-05-1H5-2						499.68	89.89	48.72	48.57	14.80	15.23	0.872
C90-05-1H7-1						499.66	87.31	49.03	48.92	14.77	15.18	0.866
C90-05-1H7-2						499.69	86.76	48.95	48.76	14.69	14.87	0.874
C90-10-NH-1	1000	90	50	15	0.8	1000.3	89.33	50.03	49.73	14.39	13.95	1.101
C90-10-NH-2						1000.22	89.24	48.93	49.65	14.62	15.13	1.107
C90-10-1H3-1						999.9	89.44	49.03	49.54	14.18	14.67	1.067
C90-10-1H3-2						999.9	89.82	48.87	49.41	14.34	14.84	1.181
C90-10-1H5-1						999.9	88.52	49.97	48.92	14.95	14.58	1.205
C90-10-1H5-2						1000.0	89.14	48.76	49.18	14.87	15.01	1.201
C90-10-1H7-1						999.91	89.42	49.73	49.19	14.96	13.93	1.166
C90-10-1H7-2						1000.0	89.35	49.56	49.53	14.17	14.88	1.109
C90-20-NH-1	2000	90	50	15	0.8	1999.82	87.26	48.94	49.18	14.61	15.12	1.063
C90-20-NH-2						1999.45	87.21	49.27	49.54	14.67	14.99	1.106
C90-20-3H3-1						1999.76	87.13	48.22	49.63	14.02	14.59	0.936
C90-20-3H3-2						1999.89	87.15	47.45	48.78	15.25	14.78	0.947
C90-20-3H5-1						1999.55	85.60	48.91	50.31	13.88	14.86	0.985
C90-20-3H5-2						2000.18	87.27	49.51	49.02	14.29	14.65	0.974
C90-20-3H7-1						1999.07	87.29	49.51	49.14	14.69	14.88	1.015
C90-20-3H7-2						1999.26	87.27	49.51	49.25	14.41	14.81	0.967