Research Article
The Influence of Coffee Husk Ash as a Filler on the Performance of Bituminous Concrete Mix
Table 4
Chemical compositions of BSD and CHA.
| | Chemical constituents | Contents (%) | Specifications (ASTM C618) | | BSD | CHA |
| | Silicon dioxide (SiO2) | 58.05 | 60.00 | | | Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) | 10.41 | 7.48 | | | Iron oxide (Fe2O3) | 11.29 | 3.00 | | | Calcium oxide (CaO) | 7.63 | 9.52 | | | Magnesium oxide (MgO) | 4.32 | 4.08 | | | Sodium oxide (Na2O) | 1.92 | 0.08 | | | Potassium oxide (K2O) | 3.93 | 2.00 | | | SiO2 + Al2O3 + Fe2O3 | 79.75 | 73.07 | Min. 70% |
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