Comparative Study of Different Controllers for Levitating Ferromagnetic Material

Table 4

Response of the magnetic levitation system with PID and LQR controllers.

Controllers	Response	Step	Square	Sine
PID	Peak overshoot	3.081 ×	3.13 ×	1.943 ×
	Settling time	0.5079 ×	0.7765 ×	1.102 ×
	Rise time	1.43 ×	1.0067 ×	1.26 ×
LQR	Peak overshoot	1.56 ×	1.441 ×	3.1 ×
	Settling time	0.588 ×	1.075 ×	0.8802 ×
	Rise time	1.154 ×	0.8357 ×	0.546 ×