A New Stress Monitoring Method for Mechanical State of Buried Steel Pipelines under Geological Hazards

Figure 9

Distributions of overall displacement, pipe displacement, and pipe stress at 651 s: (a) distribution of overall displacement in x direction; (b) distribution of overall displacement in z direction; (c) distribution of pipe displacement in z direction; (d) distribution of pipe axial stress in z direction.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)