[Retracted] Influences of Aqueous Nanofluid Emulsion on Diesel Engine Performance, Combustion, and Emission: IoT (Emission Monitoring System)

Table 1

Properties of fuel.

Test description	Reference		Diesel	Al2O3 water emulsion blend
	Unit	Limit	B0	3% NWED	7% NWED	12% NWED
Density	Gm/cc	0.800–0.900	0.832	0.833	0.846	0.854
Calorific value	MJ/kg	34–45	42.70	41.85	39.33	38.89