Geographical Differences in Male Infertility between the United States and Canada: Insights from the Andrology Research Consortium

Table 3

Lifestyle factors and medication use potentially effective male fertility stratified by Canada and the US.

Covariate	Full sample ()	Canada ()	USA ()	value
Smoking	1029 (16%)	958 (17%)	71 (10%)	<0.001
Alcohol	5084 (79%)	4551 (79%)	533 (83%)	0.018
Missing	52	11	41
Marijuana	1075 (17%)	1016 (18%)	59 (9%)	<0.001
Cocaine	98 (2%)	94 (2%)	4 (1%)	0.058
Missing	97	37	60
Propecia	30 (0%)	9 (0%)	21 (3%)	<0.001
Steroids	61 (1%)	28 (0%)	33 (5%)	<0.001
Testosterone	61 (1%)	33 (1%)	28 (4%)	<0.001

Bold values represent statistically significant -values.