Serum from Men with the Severe Form of COVID-19 Impairs the Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway in Isolated Corpus Cavernosum from Mice: An <i>In Vitro</i> Study

<div>Relaxation responses to cumulative addition of the muscarinic agonist acetylcholine (ACh; a, b), nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP; c, d), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator (BAY 63-2521; e, f), phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor (tadalafil; g, h), and sGC activator (BAY 58-2667; i, j) in isolated corpus cavernosum (CC) from mice in the presence of control (●) or COVID-19 (△) serum, precontracted with phenylephrine (10<sup>-6</sup> mol/L). Data represent the <span class="nowrap"><svg height="9.10327pt" id="M99" style="vertical-align:-0.3499298pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.75334 67.6442 9.10327" width="67.6442pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.595,0)"><path d="M380 106C343 72 306 56 265 56C195 56 116 112 115 248C235 252 361 262 377 265C396 269 400 277 400 297C400 374 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327 161 247H159L183 345C200 415 194 448 173 448C143 448 82 410 23 351L38 325C64 349 95 371 105 371C111 371 116 365 109 336L25 -4L31 -12C50 -4 77 3 107 9C119 69 132 122 145 168C197 254 321 381 370 381C387 381 393 374 378 305L329 95C309 17 320 -12 345 -12C372 -12 430 19 495 86Z"></path></g></svg> between the parentheses refer to the number of patients and animals used for each protocol. <span class="nowrap"><svg height="13.532pt" id="M101" style="vertical-align:-3.4295pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.1025 50.6052 13.532" width="50.6052pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M486 158C486 177 478 202 466 220C413 228 386 236 336 262C386 288 413 297 466 304C478 323 486 347 485 366C470 376 444 381 422 380C389 338 368 319 321 288C323 345 329 372 349 422C339 442 322 461 305 470C289 461 271 442 262 422C281 372 287 345 290 288C243 319 222 338 189 380C167 381 142 376 125 366C125 347 133 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control serum vs. COVID-19 serum.</div>

Andrologia

fig2

Figure 2

Figure 2: Serum from Men with the Severe Form of COVID-19 Impairs the Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway in Isolated Corpus Cavernosum from Mice: An <i>In Vitro</i> Study 

Figure 2 | Serum from Men with the Severe Form of COVID-19 Impairs the Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway in Isolated Corpus Cavernosum from Mice: An In Vitro Study 