Research Article

Protective Effects of Astaxanthin on Post-Thaw Sperm Quality in Normozoospermic Men

Table 1

Effect of different concentrations of astaxanthin added to freezing medium on sperm parameters after thawing.

ParametersGroups
FreshControlAstaxanthin 1 µMAstaxanthin 10 µMAstaxanthin 50 µM

Progressive motility (PR) (%)52.55 ± 7.2317.13 ± 9.7218.1 ± 8.123.63 ± 8.18,+27.54 ± 9.2,++
Total motility (PR + NP) (%)85.1 ± 6.346.72 ± 4.0248.8 ± 5.2465.53 ± 6.18,+++67.83 ± 8.34,+++
Normal morphology5.1 ± 2.64.5 ± 2.34.7 ± 1.94.9 ± 2.334.9 ± 2.78

Note: Data are presented as mean ± SEM. compared with the fresh group. +, ++, and +++ compared with the control group.