Clinical Pregnancy and Live Birth Outcomes after Intracytoplasmic Injection of Fresh versus Frozen Testicular Sperm
Table 3
Comparison of clinical pregnancy and birth outcomes between the two study groups.
Outcomes
Fresh testicular sperm (N = 324)
Frozen testicular sperm (N = 144)
Median difference (95% CI)
χ2 value
t Value
P value
Average number of implanted embryos
1.73 ± 0.5
1.78 ± 0.45
—
−0.85
0.398
Implantation rate
136/406 (33.5%)
47/146 (32.2%)
—
0.083
0.774
Early miscarriage rate
10/112 (8.93%)a
2/41 (4.88%)b
—
0.24
0.627
Clinical pregnancy rate
114/235 (48.5%)
42/82 (51.2%)
—
0.178
0.673
Live birth rate
95/233 (40.8%)a
36/81 (44.4%)b
—
0.333
0.564
Premature birth rate
13/95 (13.7%)
2/36 (5.6%)
—
0.994
0.319
Deformity rate
3/114 (2.6%)
1/43 (2.3%)
—
0.000
1.000
Incidence of low birth weight
28/112 (25.0%)
6/43 (13.95%)
—
2.21
0.137
Birth weight (kg)
3.10 (2.60, 3.36)
2.83 (2.50, 3.15)
0.05 (−0.15−0.24)
0.372
0.710
Birth length (cm)
50.00 (48.00, 50.00)
49.00 (48.00, 50.50)
0.00 (−1.00−1.00)
0.379
0.704
aTwo cases were lost to follow-up after clinical pregnancy with the use of fresh sperm. bOne case was lost to follow-up after clinical pregnancy with the use of frozen sperm.
