Joint Association of Low Nadir Serum Sodium and Potassium with Worse Outcomes after Ischemic Stroke

Table 2

Multivariable analysis of the association between NaK scale and 3-month outcomes.

Variables	3-month death				3-month modified Rankin scale
	Odds ratio	value	Odds ratio	value	Odds ratio	value	Odds ratio	value
	Sex	1.07 (0.62-1.86)	0.811	0.86 (0.49-1.49)	0.589	0.80 (0.62-1.04)	0.101	0.69 (0.52-0.91)	0.009
Age	1.03 (1.01-1.06)	0.013	1.03 (1.01-1.06)	0.002	1.03 (1.02-1.04)	0.001	1.03 (1.02-1.04)	0.001
NIHSS	1.10 (1.06-1.14)	0.001	1.11 (1.07-1.14)	0.001	1.19 (1.16-1.22)	0.001	1.17 (1.14-1.20)	0.001
Creatinine	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	0.131	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.829	1.01 (1.00-1.01)	0.007	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	0.344
Albumin	0.95 (0.90-1.00)	0.068	0.98 (0.93-1.04)	0.543	0.99 (0.97-1.01)	0.256	0.99 (0.96-1.02)	0.424
Blood glucose	1.03 (0.96-1.10)	0.383	1.01 (0.93-1.09)	0.843	1.00 (0.98-1.03)	0.932	1.02 (1.00-1.05)	0.142
SBP	1.00 (0.98-1.01)	0.487	0.99 (0.98-1.00)	0.179	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	0.107	1.00 (1.00-1.01)	0.591
Comorbidities	1.33 (0.44-3.50)	0.582	0.76 (0.23-2.11)	0.631	1.18 (0.78-1.77)	0.425	0.83 (0.52-1.31)	0.424
Pneumonia	2.64 (1.48-4.74)	0.001	1.70 (0.96-3.00)	0.068	1.64 (1.18-2.27)	0.003	1.72 (1.22-2.42)	0.002
Saline	1.02 (0.72-1.42)	0.893	1.15 (0.79-1.63)	0.452	1.17 (0.99-1.38)	0.060	1.11 (0.92-1.33)	0.262
Mannitol	0.85 (0.60-1.18)	0.346	0.75 (0.50-1.08)	0.142	0.82 (0.70-0.97)	0.017	0.94 (0.79-1.11)	0.484
Potassium intake	1.30 (0.85-1.97)	0.218	0.94 (0.60-1.45)	0.788	1.02 (0.83-1.24)	0.870	0.89 (0.72-1.10)	0.284
NaK scale	1.52 (0.80-3.08)	0.221	2.23 (1.17-4.53)	0.019	1.29 (0.99-1.67)	0.057	1.51 (1.12-2.04)	0.007

Notes: In models of both multivariable logistic regression and shift analysis, the patients with NaK = 0 were considered as the reference group. All models were adjusted for age, sex, NIHSS scale, albumin, serum creatinine, random blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, pneumonia, and electrolyte-related therapies during hospitalization, such as saline, potassium intake, and mannitol. Comorbidities were defined as any history of diseases such as coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, cancer, leukocythemia, chronic pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, hepatic insufficiency, or renal insufficiency. Abbreviations: aOR: adjusted odds ratio; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SBP: systolic blood pressure; NaK: nadir low sodium and potassium scale.