Aquaculture Nutrition

Research Article

Optimization of the Balance between Protein, Lipid and Carbohydrate in Diets for Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)

Table 1

Trial diet formulation and proximate composition.


Diet no	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12

Basic mix:
Fish meal¹	24.50	24.50	24.50	24.50	24.50	24.50	24.50	24.50	24.50	24.50	24.50	24.50
Krill hydrolysate³	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00
Vitamin mix	2.2435	2.2435	2.2435	2.2435	2.2435	2.2435	2.2435	2.2435	2.2435	2.2435	2.2435	2.2435
Krill oil⁴	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Mineral mix⁵	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84
Lys	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Choline chloride	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Cholesterol	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Aquate⁵	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35
Taurine	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Biomoss	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Carop. Pink	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Yttrium oxide	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Varying ingredients:
Cod muscle meal²	30.5	26.1	23.3	28.4	24.0	21.2	23.4	19.1	16.3	20.0	15.6	12.9
Fish oil¹	0.05	7.90	12.85	0.10	7.95	12.90	0.35	8.15	13.00	0.50	8.25	13.10
Wheat gluten	30.50	26.10	23.33	28.38	23.98	21.20	23.43	19.08	16.30	19.95	15.58	12.85
Wheat meal	1.00	1.50	1.80	5.10	5.60	5.90	14.50	15.05	15.40	21.15	21.70	22.05
NaH₂PO₄	4.20	4.65	4.95	4.30	4.75	5.05	4.55	4.90	5.25	4.70	5.15	5.40
Preplanned formulation, g/100 g DM
Protein	74.9	70.0	60.1	71.9	67.0	57.1	64.9	59.9	50.0	60.0	55.0	44.9
Lipid	5.1	10.0	20.0	5.1	10.0	20.0	5.2	10.1	20.0	5.0	10.0	20.1
Carbohydrate	5.0	5.0	5.0	7.9	8.0	8.0	14.9	15.0	15.0	20.0	20.0	20.0
Ash	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	14.9	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0
Analyzed composition, g/100 g as is
Crude protein	68.0	62.0	58.0	65.0	58.0	55.0	59.0	52.0	48.0	54.0	48.0	45.0
Total lipid	4.0	11.8	16.4	4.1	11.9	16.9	4.2	12.0	16.5	4.5	12.3	17.3
Carbohydrates	5.9	6.0	5.8	8.3	8.2	8.1	13.7	13.6	13.7	16.9	17.5	17.7
Ash	11.6	11.2	11.2	11.2	11.4	11.4	11.3	11.1	11.2	11.2	11.1	10.9
Dry matter	92.0	93.0	93.0	92.0	92.0	92.0	92.0	92.0	92.0	91.0	92.0	93.0

¹Norsildmel, Egersund, Norway; ²Seagarden, Karmøy, Norway; ³Olympic, Herøy, Norway; ⁴Aker BioMarine, Oslo, Norway; ⁵Alltech Inc., Dunboyne, Ireland.