Dietary Creatine Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Improving Lipid Catabolism in the Herbivorous Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella

Table 4

Outcome of a high-fat diet supplemented with creatine on the serum and hepatopancreas biochemistry parameters of juvenile grass carp.

	ND	HFD
Serum
TG (mmolL^-1)	^b	^a	^b	^b
TC (mmolL^-1)	^b	^a	^b	^b
NEFA (mmolL^-1)	^b	^a	^b	^b
SOD (Uml^-1)	^b	^a	^b	^b
MDA (μmolL^-1)	^c	^a	^b	^b
ALT (UL^-1)	^b	^a	^b	^b
AST (UL^-1)	^b	^a	^b	^b
Hepatopancreas
TG (mmol g prot^-1)	^b	^a	^b	^b
TC (mmol g prot^-1)	^b	^a	^b	^b
NEFA (mmol g prot^-1)	^b	^a	^b	^b

¹Distinct symbols in each row represent marked differences (; ANOVA); data expressed are , per group. ND: normal diet; HFD: high-fat diet; : HFD supplemented with 1% creatine; : HFD supplemented with 2% creatine; TG: triglyceride; TC: total cholesterol; NEFA: non-esterified fatty acid; SOD: superoxide dismutase; MDA: malondialdehyde; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase.