Estimation of the Optimum Dietary Protein to Lipid Ratio in Juvenile Pengze Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus Var. Pengze)

Table 1

Formulation and proximate composition of the experimental diets (g/100 g dry matter).

Ingredient	Diet groups (protein/lipid)
	30/5	30/8	30/11	35/5	35/8	35/11	40/5	40/8	40/11
Fermented soybean meal^1	40	40	40	49	49	49	58	58	58
Fish meal^1	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10
Corn starch^1	40	37	34	31	28	25	22	19	16
Fish oil	1.5	3	4.5	1.5	3	4.5	1.5	3	4.5
Soybean oil	1.5	3	4.5	1.5	3	4.5	1.5	3	4.5
Calcium biphosphate	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5
Vitamin premix^2	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Mineral premix^3	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
Choline chloride	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sodium alginate	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
Proximate composition
Dry matter	90.8	89.2	89.8	90.1	89.9	89.3	90.2	91.5	91.3
Crude protein (CP)	30.3	30.7	30.5	35.1	35.3	35.4	39.8	40.7	40.8
Crude lipid	4.7	7.8	11.1	5.1	8	11.2	4.9	7.9	11.1
Ash	8.9	8.7	8.9	9.1	8.6	8.8	8.8	9.0	9.2
Gross energy (GE, kJ/g)	14.7	15.2	15.9	14.6	15.3	15.9	14.7	15.5	16.1
CP:GE (mg/kJ)	20.6	20.2	19.2	24.0	23.1	22.3	27.1	26.3	25.3

¹Proximate composition as % dry-weight basis (fish meal (71.8% crude protein, 9.5% crude lipid); fermented soybean meal (54.2% crude protein, 2.7% crude lipid); corn starch (1.2% crude protein, 0% crude lipid)). ²Vitamin premix (per kg diet): thiamin, 15 mg; riboflavin, 25 mg; pyridoxine, 15 mg; cyanocobalamine, 0.2 mg; folic acid, 5 mg; calcium pantothenate, 50 mg; inositol, 500 mg; niacin, 100 mg; biotin (2%), 1.2 mg; ascorbic acid, 100 mg; vitamin A, 12000 IU; vitamin D₃, 5000 IU; vitamin E, 55 mg; vitamin K₃, 5 mg. ³Mineral premix (mg/kg diet): MgSO₄·7H₂O: 450; FeSO₄·7H₂O: 250; CuSO₄·5H₂O: 10; ZnSO₄·7H₂O: 108; MnSO₄·4H₂O: 40; KI: 1.5; NaCl: 600; KH₂PO₄: 1350; CoSO₄·4H₂O, 0.50.