Evaluation of Six Selected Commercial Fermented Soybean Meal by Feeding Juvenile Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)

Table 1

Formulation and proximate composition of experimental diets (g/kg dry matter)¹.

Ingredients	Diets^2
	FM	FSBM1	FSBM2	FSBM3	FSBM4	FSBM5	FSBM6
Brown fish meal^1	500.0	275.0	275.0	275.0	275.0	275.0	275.0
Fermented soybean meal	0.0	300.4	303.3	293.2	294.8	293.0	297.9
Blood meal^1	0.0	45.0	45.0	45.0	45.0	45.0	45.0
Wheat gluten meal^1	134.0	92.0	90.0	90.0	90.0	90.0	92.0
Wheat meal^1	244.5	146.2	142.4	153.7	150.9	153.9	146.6
Fish oil	45.0	62.0	62.0	63.0	64.0	62.0	64.0
Soy lecithin	20.0	20.0	20.0	20.0	20.0	20.0	20.0
Vitamin premix^3	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0
Vitamin C^3	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
Mineral premix^4	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0
L-Methionine	0.0	1.2	2.4	2.7	2.5	3.4	1.8
L-Isoleucine	0.0	1.1	1.1	0.7	0.9	0.8	0.8
L-Lysine	0.0	0.6	2.3	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.4
Taurine	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
Choline chloride	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
Mildew preventive^5	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Ethoxyquinoline	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ca(H2PO4)2	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
Yttrium oxide	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Sodium alginate	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Attractants^6	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
Proximate composition
Crude protein	525.5	529.4	522.2	523.2	525.1	524.5	529.0
Crude lipid	110.4	109.7	109.3	112.1	108.9	109.6	113.0
Ash	113.9	95.2	99.0	96.8	97.5	98.5	96.2

¹Brown fish meal (g/kg dry matter): crude protein 724.7, crude lipid 98.4; blood meal (g/kg dry matter): crude protein 986.4, crude lipid 12.2; wheat gluten meal (g/kg dry matter): crude protein 791.5, crude lipid 19.3; wheat meal (g/kg dry matter): crude protein 139.3, crude lipid 24.7. These ingredients were provided by Great Seven Bio-tech (Qingdao, China). The commercial fermented soybean meal was collected by Qingdao Bio-ways Ingredients Bio-technology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China). ²Fish meal-based diet was named FM; diets with 450 g/kg of fish meal replaced by six kinds of commercial fermented soybean meal were, respectively, named FSBM1, FSBM2, FSBM3, FSBM4, FSBM5, and FSBM6. ³Vitamin premix (mg/kg diet): retinol acetate, 32; cholecalciferol, 5; alpha-tocopherol, 240; thiamin, 25; riboflavin, 45; pyridoxine HCl, 20; vitamin B12, 10; pantothenic acid, 60; folic acid, 20; niacin 200; biotin, 60; inositol, 800; microcrystalline cellulose, 13,473. Vitamin C was supplied in the form of vitamin C polyphosphate. ⁴Mineral premix (mg/kg diet): MgSO₄·7H₂O, 1200; CuSO₄·5H₂O, 10; FeSO₄·H₂O, 80; ZnSO₄·H₂O, 50; MnSO₄·H₂O, 45; CoCl₂·6H₂O, 50; Na₂SeO₃, 20; H₂CaIO₄, 60; zeolite powder, 13,485. ⁵Mildew preventive: . ⁶Attractants: glycine betaine : DMPT : glycine : alanine : inosine-5-diphosphate trisodium .