Dietary Supplementation of Crystalline Amino Acid Improves Growth Performance and Health of Yellow Catfish That Reduced by Plant Proteins Replacement of Fishmeal

Table 1

The formula and approximate composition of the diets used in the experiment (g/kg dry matter basis).

Ingredient	Con	25%PP	25%PP + AA
Fish meal	560.00	420.00	420.00
Wheat meal	160.00	160.00	160.00
Soybean meal	0.00	30.00	30.00
Cottonseed meal	0.00	40.00	40.00
Corn gluten meal	0.00	40.00	40.00
Sesame meal	0.00	30.00	30.00
Peanut meal	0.00	30.00	30.00
Casein	10.00	10.00	10.00
Fish oil	10.00	10.00	10.00
Soybean lecithin^a	10.00	10.00	10.00
Vitamin mix^b	10.00	10.00	10.00
Mineral mix^c	5.00	5.00	5.00
Monocalcium phosphate	20.00	20.00	20.00
Choline chloride^d	5.00	5.00	5.00
Ethoxyquin	0.50	0.50	0.50
Cellulose	189.50	159.50	141.50
Carboxymethyl	20.00	20.00	20.00
Amino acid premix^e	0.00	0.00	18.00
Total	1000.00	1000.00	1000.00
Proximate composition (g/kg)
Crude protein	452.80	451.30	453.60
Crude lipid	106.80	105.40	104.70
Ash	108.90	106.90	102.10
Moisture	54.50	56.80	53.60

^aShanghai Taiwei, Ltd., Shanghai, China. ^bVitamin premix (g/kg diet): vitamin A, 0.032; vitamin D, 0.005; vitamin E, 0.24; vitamin K, 0.01; vitamin B1, 0.025; vitamin B2, 0.045; nicotinic acid, 0.2; vitamin B6, 0.02; biotin, 0.06; inositol, 1.8; calcium pantothenate, 0.06; folic acid, 0.02; vitamin B12, 0.01; vitamin C, 2; microcrystalline cellulose, 6.29. ^cMineral mix (g/kg premix): CuSO₄•5H₂O, 0.01; Na₂SeO₃, 0.02; MnSO₄•H₂O, 0.045; CoCl₂•6H₂O, 0.05; ZnSO₄•H₂O, 0.5; Ca(IO₃)₂, 0.06; FeSO₄•H₂O, 0.08; MgSO₄•7H₂O, 1.2; Zeolite powder, 3.485. ^dSangon Biotech, Ltd., Shanghai, China. ^eAmino acid mix (g/kg premix): Thr, 2; Gly, 3; Ala, 2, Met, 2; Ile, 2; His, 2; Lys, 5. Thr: Threonine; Gly: glycine; Ala: alanine; Met: methionine; Ile: isoleucine; His: histidine; Lys: lysine.