Effects of Dietary Sodium Acetate on Growth Performance, Fillet Quality, Plasma Biochemistry, and Immune Function of Juvenile Golden Pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)

Table 1

Formulation and nutrition levels of the diets (g/kg dry weight).

Ingredients	SA1	SA2	SA3	SA4	SA5	SA6
Fish meal^a	250.0	250.0	250.0	250.0	250.0	250.0
Soybean meal^a	150.0	150.0	150.0	150.0	150.0	150.0
Soy protein concentrate^b	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Peanut meal^a	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Pork powder^c	60.0	60.0	60.0	60.0	60.0	60.0
Brewers dried yeast^b	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0
Wheat flour^a	184.0	184.0	184.0	184.0	184.0	184.0
Fish oil^d	60.0	60.0	60.0	60.0	60.0	60.0
Soybean lecithin^a	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0
Vitamin and mineral mix^a	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0
Choline chloride^a	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
Monocalcium phosphate^a	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
L-Methionine^e	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0
Antioxidant^b	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Attractant^a	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
Zeolite powder^a	4.0	3.75	3.5	3.0	2.0	0
Sodium acetate (SA)^e	0	0.25	0.5	1.0	2.0	4.0
Proximate composition (g/kg)
Moisture	88.4	84.9	86.7	86.7	88.4	86.2
Crude protein	436.6	438.5	436.8	439.1	439.3	434.2
Crude lipid	106.2	104.6	103.1	104.4	106.8	104.9
Ash	94.7	93.1	94.7	93.1	93.9	93.3

^aPurchased by Kingkey Smart Agri Technology Co. Ltd. (Shenzhen, China). ^bPurchased by Guangdong Yuequn Ocean Biological Research Development Co., Ltd. (Jieyang, China). ^cPurchased by Guangdong Xunyuan Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd. (Jieyang, China). ^dPurchased by Yongxing Concentrated Feed Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, China). ^ePurchased by Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Vitamin and mineral mix provided the following per kg of diet: vitamin A (5,00,000 IU) 40 mg, vitamin B₁ 40 mg, vitamin B₂ 93.75 mg, vitamin B₆ 20 mg, vitamin B₁₂ (1%) 45 mg, vitamin K₃ (50%) 300 mg, inositol 400 mg, calcium pantothenate 250 mg, nicotinic acid 450 mg, folic acid 6 mg, biotin (2%) 10 mg, vitamin D₃ (5,00,000 IU) 15 mg, vitamin E (50%) 300 mg, unite bran 2990.25 mg, NaF 4 mg, KI 1.6 mg, CoCl₂·6H₂O (1%) 100 mg, CuSO₄·5H₂O 20 mg, FeSO₄·H₂O 160 mg, ZnSO₄·H₂O 100 mg, MnSO₄·H₂O 120 mg, MgSO₄·7H₂O 2.4 g, Ca(H₂PO₄)2·H₂O 6.0 g, NaCl 200 mg, and zelote power 30.90 g.