Effects of Apple Polyphenols and Taurine on Growth Performance, Tissue Morphology, and Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Rice Field Eel (Monopterus albus) Fed High Oxidized Fish Oil

Figure 4

Effects of apple polyphenols (AP) and taurine (TA) on mRNA expression levels of the muscle ampkα1 (a), accα (b), cpt1 (c), pparα (d), and lipin (e). Data are expressed as the means ± SEM (n = 3). indicates that the POV600 and POV800 groups are significantly different from the Control group at (), ^# or ^## indicates that the AP group is significantly different from the POV600 group () or (), and ^& or ^&& indicates that the TA group is significantly different from the POV800 group () or (). Note: ampkα1 = AMP-activated protein kinase α1; accα = phosphorylate of acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase; cpt1 = carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1; and pparα = peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. POV600 (600 meq·kg⁻¹ OFO diet), POV800 (800 meq·kg⁻¹ OFO diet), AP (POV600 group supplemented with 0.5% apple polyphenols), and TA (POV800 group supplemented with 0.2% taurine).

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