Optimizing Artemia Enrichment: A Low DHA/High EPA Protocol for Enhanced n-3 LC-HUFA Levels to Support Greater Amberjack (Seriola dumerili) Larval Rearing

Table 3

Proximate (lipid, moisture, and ash content, % dry matter) and fatty acids composition (% TFA) of S. dumerili larvae 35 dph fed enriched Artemia with different experimental emulsions.

	EPA-0	EPA-1	EPA-2	EPA-3	EPA-4
Proximate analysis (% dry matter)
Lipids	17.27 ± 3.85	14.71 ± 1.70	16.08 ± 1.04	15.00 ± 1.75	16.10 ± 1.39
Moisture	84.58 ± 2.35	86.87 ± 1.10	87.24 ± 3.66	85.59 ± 0.70	87.71 ± 1.12
Ash	15.99 ± 0.02	16.43 ± 1.41	16.03 ± 1.49	15.95 ± 2.40	15.19 ± 0.93
Fatty acid content (% TFA)
Saturated	27.00 ± 1.30^ab	28.93 ± 1.71^a	27.61 ± 0.59^ab	24.11 ± 0.82^c	24.93 ± 0.27^bc
Monoenoics	29.07 ± 3.23^a	28.75 ± 0.81^a	28.61 ± 0.27^a	27.98 ± 0.37^a	23.00 ± 0.24^b
n-3	28.78 ± 5.25^b	27.83 ± 0.56^b	30.31 ± 0.21^b	33.37 ± 2.16^ab	38.68 ± 0.42^a
n-6	11.62 ± 1.08	11.02 ± 0.43	10.28 ± 0.18	10.01 ± 0.79	9.97 ± 0.23
n-9	21.60 ± 3.07^b	21.58 ± 0.60^b	21.45 ± 0.22^b	20.01 ± 1.56^ab	15.84 ± 0.25^b
Total n-3 LC-HUFA	15.59 ± 6.24^b	17.31 ± 0.59^b	20.09 ± 0.23^ab	21.84 ± 0.91^ab	26.31 ± 0.26^a
14 : 0	0.51 ± 0.16	0.40 ± 0.15	0.31 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.09	0.35 ± 0.03
16 : 0	14.22 ± 0.32^ab	14.60 ± 0.36^a	14.36 ± 0.20^ab	12.50 ± 0.83^c	13.24 ± 0.23^cb
16 : 1n-7	0.57 ± 0.04	0.54 ± 0.01	0.54 ± 0.00	0.76 ± 0.36	0.57 ± 0.01
18 : 0	11.37 ± 1.08^ab	13.13 ± 1.81^a	12.13 ± 0.44^ab	10.16 ± 0.55^b	10.59 ± 0.11^ab
18 : 1n-9 (OA)	18.83 ± 3.29^a	19.16 ± 0.41^a	19.28 ± 0.18^a	17.23 ± 2.56^ab	13.50 ± 0.22^b
18 : 1n-7	6.11 ± 0.32	5.84 ± 0.14	5.85 ± 0.06	5.76 ± 0.37	5.80 ± 0.02
18 : 2n-6 (LA)	6.55 ± 0.71^a	5.82 ± 0.23^ab	5.35 ± 0.14^b	4.79 ± 0.43^b	5.05 ± 0.32^b
18 : 3n-3 (ALA)	11.25 ± 1.27	8.99 ± 0.45	8.76 ± 0.29	9.56 ± 1.69	10.51 ± 0.32
20 : 1n-9	0.40 ± 0.02	0.41 ± 0.04	0.38 ± 0.01	0.45 ± 0.22	0.33 ± 0.00
20 : 4n-6 (ARA)	3.09 ± 0.26	3.45 ± 0.11	3.37 ± 0.09	3.11 ± 0.15	3.30 ± 0.07
20 : 5n-3 (EPA)	4.07 ± 0.26^b	8.50 ± 0.29^ab	10.54 ± 0.11^ab	11.47 ± 1.25^ab	13.55 ± 0.25^a
22 : 6n-3 (DHA)	4.81 ± 1.64^b	4.51 ± 0.28^b	5.11 ± 0.22^b	5.73 ± 0.27^b	8.02 ± 0.19^a
ARA/EPA	0.76 ± 0.04^a	0.41 ± 0.01^a	0.32 ± 0.01^a	0.27 ± 0.04^a	0.24 ± 0.01^a
DHA/EPA	0.95 ± 0.03^a	0.53 ± 0.02^a	0.49 ± 0.02^a	0.50 ± 0.06^a	0.59 ± 0.02^a
DHA/ARA	1.56 ± 0.53^a	1.31 ± 0.09^a	1.52 ± 0.06^a	1.85 ± 0.13^a	2.43 ± 0.06^a
OA/DHA	4.34 ± 1.86^a	4.26 ± 0.18^a	3.77 ± 0.17^a	3.01 ± 0.42^a	1.68 ± 0.05^a
OA/n-3 LC-HUFA	1.37 ± 0.63^a	1.11 ± 0.01^a	0.96 ± 0.02^a	0.79 ± 0.09^a	0.51 ± 0.01^a
n-3/n-6	2.52 ± 0.72^a	2.53 ± 0.05^a	2.95 ± 0.03^a	3.36 ± 0.46^a	3.88 ± 0.12^a

Note: Proximate and FA analysis data represent means ± SD, (n = 3). Different superscripts within each row indicate a significant difference between EPA emulsions (ANOVA (); Tukey’s HSD).