The Requirement and Protective Effects of Dietary Protein against Chronic Ammonia Exposure in Juvenile Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Table 7

Microstructure of gill and kidney tissues of GIFT juveniles fed diets with different protein levels under low or high ammonia exposure for 8 weeks.

Ammonia (mg/L)	Protein level (%)	Gill			Kidney
		Breadth of gill lamella (μm)	Spacing of gill lamella (μm)	Diameter of chloride cells (μm)	Glomerular long diameter (μm)
0.02 mg/L	31.04	^ab	^ab	^ab	^ab
0.88 mg/L	22.64	^a	^a	^a	^a
	27.26	^a	^a	^a	^a
	31.04	^a	^b	^ab	^ab
	35.63	^ab	^a	^ab	^ab
	38.47	^ab	^ab	^ab	^b
	42.66	^b	^b	^b	^c

Values are (standard deviation) of three replicate per treatment, values in the same row within the same protein level sharing different letters are significantly different at , as determined by Tukey’s test.