Dietary Cholesterol Requirements of Large Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

Table 1

Formulation and proximate composition of the experimental diets (dry matter basis except fat sources, g/kg).

Ingredients	Dietary cholesterol level (g/kg)
	C0 (2.47)	C1 (4.27)	C2 (6.80)	C3 (8.77)	C4 (11.74)	C5 (14.24)
Fish meal	100	100	100	100	100	100
Soybean meal	150	150	150	150	150	150
Wheat gluten	100	100	100	100	100	100
Peanut meal	100	100	100	100	100	100
Flour	250	250	250	250	250	250
Corn starch	75	75	75	75	75	75
Fish oil	25	25	25	25	25	25
Corn oil	25	25	25	25	25	25
Microcellulose	48	45	42	39	36	33
Soybean lecithin	20	20	20	20	20	20
Cholesterol	0	3	6	9	12	15
Yeast extract	40	40	40	40	40	40
Sodium alginate	10	10	10	10	10	10
Calciumdihydrogen phosphate	28	28	28	28	28	28
Vitamin premix^1	10	10	10	10	10	10
Mineral premix^2	10	10	10	10	10	10
Allicin	1	1	1	1	1	1
Astaxanthin	1	1	1	1	1	1
Choline chloride	5	5	5	5	5	5
Dimethylsulfonium bromide	2	2	2	2	2	2
Proximate composition
Dry matter	969.69	934.21	948.64	941.67	971.99	966.98
Crude protein	323.51	325.40	324.89	327.91	324.10	313.18
Crude lipid	78.87	79.66	86.11	87.00	94.12	95.92
Ash	69.08	63.85	66.27	65.66	69.63	69.17
Total energy (KJ/g)^3	20.71	21.17	21.28	21.35	21.83	22.11

Note: C0–C5 represent each group. ¹per kg of vitamin premix contains vitamin A 4 g, vitamin D 0.02 g, vitamin E 10 g, vitamin K3 10 g, vitamin B₁ 10 g, vitamin B₂ 10 g, vitamin B₆ 20 g, nicotinic acid 40 g, biotin 0.2 g, calcium pantothenate 20 g, folic acid 0.5 g, vitamin B₁₂ 0.01 g, vitamin C 20 g, and inositol 400 g, all ingredients were diluted with microcellulose to 1 kg. ²per kg of mineral premix contains KIO₃ 0.6 g, Na₂SeO₃ · 5H₂O 0.08 g, KH₂PO₄ 320 g, MgSO₄ 200 g, MnSO₄·H₂O 20 g, CuCl₂ · 2H₂O 2 g, ZnSO₄ · 7H₂O 60 g, FeSO₄ · 7H₂O 50 g, NaCl 100 g, and CoCl₂ · 6H₂O 2 g, all ingredients were diluted with microcellulose to 1 kg. ³Energy was determined by direct combustion in an adiabatic bomb calorimeter (SDC311, Hunan Sundy Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan Province, China).