Effects of Dietary Fish Meal Replacement with Alternative Protein Ingredients and Their Combinations on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Fillet Composition, and Biochemical Parameters of Red Seabream (Pagrus major)

Table 2

Proximate composition of the various animal and plant feed ingredients (% dry matter).

Protein source	Dry matter	Crude protein	Crude lipid	Ash			Pepsin
Tuna byproduct meal^1	93.8	64.0	6.40	20.7	4.27	2.16	92.9
Sardine fish meal^2	93.8	71.1	8.80	15.1	3.52	2.30	96.3
Pollock fish meal^3	93.0	71.7	8.30	17.0	4.42	2.60	95.9
Soy protein concentrate (SPC)^4	96.2	67.2	1.00	6.30	0.62	0.68	96.2
Corn gluten (CG)^5	92.8	65.9	0.10	1.10	0.92	0.44	94.0
Meat meal (MM)^6	97.1	84.2	9.50	5.80	1.30	0.89	96.5
Chicken byproduct meal (CM)^7	98.1	62.5	11.1	20.9	4.59	2.66	89.8

Note: ¹Woojin feed Ind. Co. Ltd., Incheon, South Korea; ²Cesmec Ltda., Santiago, Chile; ³Kodiak fish meal Company, Alaska, USA; ⁴Solae, St. Louis, USA; ⁵The Feed Co., Goyang, South Korea; ⁶Hwasong industrial Co. Ltd., Seogwipo, South Korea; ⁷Woosin Food Co. Ltd., Pocheon, South Korea. Obtained from product technical data sheets.