Effect of Moringa oleifera, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Their Combination on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes, Immunity, and Microbiota in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Table 4

The morphological indexes of Nile tilapia fed test diets for 56 days.

Treatments	CON		MO		P values
	CON	Ba	CON	Ba	MO	Ba	MO × Ba
HSI (%)	1.35 ± 0.06	1.45 ± 0.16	1.32 ± 0.08	1.47 ± 0.08	0.758	0.312	0.794
VSI (%)	10.41 ± 0.24A	10.57 ± 0.18A	10.59 ± 0.12A	11.96 ± 0.35B	0.007 (a/b)	0.013 (x/y)	0.006
GSI (%)	7.89 ± 0.18A	7.88 ± 0.12A	8.42 ± 0.11A	9.69 ± 0.37B	0.001 (a/b)	0.042 (x/y)	0.011
CF (g/cm^3)	3.61 ± 0.03	3.81 ± 0.04	3.96 ± 0.09	4.11 ± 0.02	<0.001 (a/b)	0.045 (x/y)	0.453

Notes: MO, M. oleifera supplementation; Ba, B. amyloliquefaciens supplementation; MO × Ba, interaction effect. Values are means and standard error of the mean (SEM). ns, no significant, . Different letters indicate significant differences between the two MO adding types and two Ba types, such as (a/b) in parentheses corresponds to no MO addition, MO addition, and the value of a is less than b. The other set of letters (x/y) corresponds to no Ba addition and Ba addition, and the value of x is less than the value of y. The presence of different capital letters indicates a significant difference between groups. Hepatosomatic index (HSI, %) = (liver weight (g)/body weight (g)) × 100; Visceral index (VSI, %) = (visceral weight (g)/body weight (g)) × 100; Gut index (GSI, %) = (gut weight (g)/body weight (g)) × 100; Condition factor (CF, g/cm³) = (body weight (g)/body length³ (cm³)) × 100.