Research Article

Dietary Supplementation of Astragalus membranaceus Extract Affects Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Response, and Energy Metabolism of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Table 2

Growth performance, feed efficiency, and morphological parameters of M. salmoides fed diets supplemented with different levels of AME.

ConAME0.1AME0.2AME0.3AME0.4AME0.5AME0.6Regression
LinearQuadratic

IBWa (g)10.12 ± 0.0410.14 ± 0.0110.16 ± 0.0310.08 ± 0.0310.05 ± 0.0910.02 ± 0.0210.07 ± 0.030.0490.149
FBWb (g)58.64 ± 1.28b59.47 ± 0.76b62.49 ± 1.10ab62.39 ± 2.07ab64.86 ± 1.22a60.16 ± 0.32ab60.06 ± 0.88ab0.4020.007
SRc (%)96.67 ± 1.67100.00 ± 0.00100.00 ± 0.0098.33 ± 1.6798.33 ± 1.67100.00 ± 0.00100.00 ± 0.000.1240.283
FId (g fish−1)46.77 ± 0.74bc47.37 ± 0.52abc48.95 ± 0.53ab49.88 ± 0.55ab50.73 ± 0.67a45.31 ± 0.32c46.71 ± 0.99bc0.6820.006
WGe (%)478.14 ± 9.83b486.71 ± 8.17b514.97 ± 8.88ab519.42 ± 19.04ab550.07 ± 9.11a501.21 ± 2.59b496.47 ± 7.45b0.1810.002
SGRf (% day−1)3.13 ± 0.03b3.16 ± 0.02b3.24 ± 0.03ab3.25 ± 0.06ab3.34 ± 0.03a3.20 ± 0.01b3.19 ± 0.02b0.1700.001
FCRg0.98 ± 0.01a0.94 ± 0.01ab0.93 ± 0.01ab0.93 ± 0.02ab0.92 ± 0.02ab0.90 ± 0.01b0.93 ± 0.01ab0.0090.003
PERh2.06 ± 0.03b2.14 ± 0.02ab2.18 ± 0.01ab2.15 ± 0.05ab2.21 ± 0.05a2.22 ± 0.02a2.14 ± 0.01ab0.0390.004
CFi2.02 ± 0.03c2.17 ± 0.04bc2.22 ± 0.03ab2.22 ± 0.05ab2.18 ± 0.04bc2.32 ± 0.02ab2.34 ± 0.03a0.0010.001
VSIj8.79 ± 0.22ab8.64 ± 0.14ab8.20 ± 0.10b8.44 ± 0.08ab8.67 ± 0.11ab8.99 ± 0.08a8.71 ± 0.13ab0.4190.080
HSIk2.48 ± 0.17abc2.39 ± 0.14abc2.10 ± 0.07c2.21 ± 0.11bc2.36 ± 0.00abc2.76 ± 0.06a2.64 ± 0.08ab0.0710.006

aIntial body weight (IBW, g) = initial total body weight/initial number of fish; bFinal body weight (FBW, g) = final total body weight/final number of fish; cSurvival rate (SR, %) = 100 × final number of fish/initial number of fish; dFeed intake (FI, g fish−1) = 100 × total feed intake/final number of fish; eWeight gain rate (WG, %) = 100 × (final body weight–initial body weight)/initial body weight; fSpecific growth rate (SGR, % day−1) = 100 × (ln (final body weight)–ln (initial body weight))/feeding days; gFeed conversion ratio (FCR) = weight of feed consumed/weight gain; hProtein efficiency rate (PER) = 100 × (final total body weight–initial total body weight)/(total feed intake × protein proportion in feed); iCondition factor (CF, g cm−3) = 100 × body weight/body length3; jViscerosomatic index (VSI, %) = 100 × viscera weight/whole body weight; kHepatosomatic index (HSI, %) = 100 × liver weight/whole body weight. Values are means ± SEM of three replications. Means in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different ().