Effects of the Replacement of Dietary Fishmeal by the Blend of Tenebrio molitor Meal, Chlorella Meal, Clostridium Autoethanogenum Protein, and Cottonseed Protein Concentrate on Growth, Protein Utilization, and Intestinal Health of Gibel Carp (Carassius gibelio, CAS Ⅴ)

Table 1

Ingredient (% of dry matter) and chemical composition (% of dry matter) of the experimental diets.

Blended ratios (TMM: CM: CAP: CPC)		1 : 1:8 : 2 (A)			1 : 1:6 : 4 (B)			1 : 1:4 : 6 (C)
Level of FM replacement (%)	0	33	67	100	33	67	100	33	67	100
Diets	Control	A33	A67	A100	B33	B67	B100	C33	C67	C100
Ingredient
^1Fish meal	15.00	10.00	5.00	0.00	10.00	5.00	0.00	10.00	5.00	0.00
^2T. molitor meal	0.00	0.38	0.76	1.14	0.40	0.80	1.20	0.42	0.84	1.26
^3Chlorella meal	0.00	0.38	0.76	1.14	0.40	0.80	1.20	0.42	0.84	1.26
^4Clostridium autoethanogenum protein	0.00	3.04	6.08	9.12	2.40	4.80	7.20	1.68	3.36	5.04
^5Cottonseed protein concentrated	0.00	0.76	1.52	2.28	1.60	3.20	4.80	2.52	5.04	7.56
^6Rapeseed meal	25.00	25.00	25.00	25.00	25.00	25.00	25.00	25.00	25.00	25.00
^7Soybean meal	26.00	26.00	26.00	26.00	26.00	26.00	26.00	26.00	26.00	26.00
Corn starch	15.00	15.00	15.00	15.00	15.00	15.00	15.00	15.00	15.00	15.00
Microcrystalline cellulose	4.38	4.42	4.56	4.70	4.18	4.08	3.98	3.94	3.60	3.26
Fish oil	3.00	3.20	3.35	3.50	3.20	3.35	3.50	3.20	3.35	3.50
Soybean oil	3.00	3.20	3.35	3.50	3.20	3.35	3.50	3.20	3.35	3.50
^8Mineral premixes	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
^9Vitamin premixes	0.39	0.39	0.39	0.39	0.39	0.39	0.39	0.39	0.39	0.39
Sodium benzoate	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00
Choline chloride	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.11
Yttrium trioxide	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
Chemical composition
Crude protein	34.27	33.81	34.29	34.18	34.36	34.23	34.01	34.09	33.94	33.48
Crude fat	7.99	7.17	7.69	7.81	6.88	7.62	6.82	7.34	6.75	7.25
Ash	10.58	9.69	8.83	9.52	8.5	8.78	8.43	9.66	9.11	8.76
Gross energy (MJ/kg)	18.02	18.23	18.41	18.46	18.39	18.21	18.28	18.38	18.53	17.94

¹Fish meal: TASA Fish Product Co. Ltd., Peru. ²Tenebrio. molitor meal: Guangdong Zehecheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China. ³Chlorella meal: Demeter Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei, China. ⁴Clostridium autoethanogenum protein: Hebei Shoulang Novel Energy Technology Co., Ltd. ⁵Cottonseed protein concentrated: Xinjiang Jinlan Plant Protein Co., Ltd., Xinjiang, China. ⁶Rapeseed meal: Wuhan Coland Feed Co. Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei, China. ⁷Soybean meal: Wuhan Coland Feed Co. Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei, China. ⁸Mineral premixes (mg/kg diet): NaCl, 500.0; MgSO₄ · 7H₂O, 8,155.6; NaH₂PO₄ · 2H₂O, 12,500.0; KH₂PO₄, 1,6000.0; CaHPO₄ · 2H₂O, 7,650.6; FeSO₄ · 7H₂O, 2,286.2; C₆H₁₀CaO₆ · 5H₂O, 1,750.0; ZnSO₄ · 7H₂O, 178.0; MnSO₄·H₂O, 61.4; CuSO₄ · 5H₂O, 15.5; CoSO₄ · 7H₂O, 0.9; KI, 1.5; Na₂SeO₃, 0.6; Corn starch, 899.7. ⁹Vitamin premixes (mg/kg diet): Vitamin B₁, 20; Vitamin B₂, 20; Vitamin B₆, 20; Vitamin B₁₂, 0.02; folic acid, 5; calcium pantothenate, 50; inositol, 100; niacin, 100; biotin, 0.1; cellulose, 3522; Vitamin A, 11; Vitamin D, 2; Vitamin E, 100; Vitamin K, 10.