Dietary Oryzanol (Ory) Improved the Survival and Growth of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) Larvae via Promoting Activities of Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Metabolism

Table 1

Formulation and proximate analysis of the experimental diets (percentage dry matter).

Ingredient percentage dry diet	Diets (Oryzanol, mg/kg)
	Diet1 (0)	Diet2 (20)	Diet3 (40)	Diet4 (80)
White fish meal^a	45	45	45	45
Krill meal^b	22	22	22	22
Squid viscera meal^a	3	3	3	3
Yeast hydrolysate	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.5
Strong flour	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
α-Starch	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6
Sodium alginate	2	2	2	2
Vitamin premix^c	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5
Mineral premix^d	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3
Ascorbyl polyphosphate	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Calcium bis	2	2	2	2
Mould inhibitor	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Antioxidant	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Choline chloride	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Fish oil	6.5	6.5	6.5	6.5
Soybean phospholipids	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
Microcrystalline Cellulose	0.1	0.098	0.096	0.092
Oryzanol^e	0	0.002	0.004	0.008
Analyzed nutrients composition (dry matter basis)
Crude protein (%)	52.10	51.98	52.37	51.87
Crude lipid (%)	18.49	18.20	18.28	18.03

^aCommercially available from Great Seven Biotechnology Co., Ltd. in Shandong, China; elementary composition (dry matter): White fish meal, crude protein, 71.73%, crude lipid, 4.76%; Squid viscera meal, crude protein, 39.01%, crude lipid, 11.34%. ^bCommercially available from Beijing Huaxia Houde Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Krill meal, crude protein, 64.86%, crude lipid, 8.0%. ^cComposition of vitamin premix (IU or g/kg): vitamin A palmitate, 3,000,000 IU; vitamin D₃, 1,200,000 IU; DL-α-vitamin E, 40.0 g/kg; menadione, 8.0 g/kg; thiamine-HCl, 5.0 g/kg; riboflavin, 5.0 g/kg; D, calcium pantothenate; 16.0 mg/kg; pyridoxine-HCl, 4.0 mg/kg; inositol, 200.0 mg/kg; biotin, 8.0 mg/kg; folic acid, 1.5 mg/kg; 4-aminobenzoic acid, 5.0 mg/kg; niacin, 20.0 mg/kg; vitamin B₁₂, 0.01 mg/kg; L- ascorgyl-2-monophosphate-Na (3%), 2,000.0 mg/kg. ^dComposition of mineral premix (g/kg premix): Ca(H₂PO₄)·H₂O, 675.0; C_OSO₄·H₂O, 0.15; CuSO₄ · H₂O, 5.0; FeSO₄ · 7H₂O, 50.0; KCl, 0.1; MgSO₄ · 2H₂O, 101.7; MnSO₄ · 2H₂O, 18.0; NaCl, 80.0; NaSeO₃·H₂O, 0.05; ZnSO₄ · 7H₂O, 20.0. ^eThe Oryzanol was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., in China. The purity was above 99.0%.