Research Article
Understanding Population Dynamics in Multi- and Many-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms for High-Resolution Approximations
Table 3
Algorithm comparison by accumulated PO solutions (APOS, feature) and hypervolume (HV, performance metric).
| Algorithm | M | | Measured | Rank | APOS | HV | APOS | HV |
| NSGA-II | 3 | 50 | 105.93 | 0.373968 | 3 | 3 | | | | 121.97 | 0.374248 | 1 | 1 | | | | 90.37 | 0.372361 | 4 | 4 | MOEA/D | | | 114.00 | 0.374201 | 2 | 1 |
| NSGA-II | | 100 | 137.97 | 0.375304 | 2 | 3 | | | | 141.700 | 0.375287 | 1 | 1 | | | | 123.70 | 0.373812 | 4 | 4 | MOEA/D | | | 135.50 | 0.375422 | 3 | 1 |
| NSGA-II | | 200 | 148.03 | 0.375640 | 1 | 3 | | | | 148.67 | 0.375904 | 1 | 1 | | | | 136.57 | 0.375140 | 4 | 4 | MOEA/D | | | 144.67 | 0.375757 | 3 | 1 |
| NSGA-II | 4 | 50 | 166.80 | 0.194207 | 4 | 3 | | | | 346.77 | 0.196897 | 2 | 2 | | | | 195.50 | 0.191004 | 3 | 4 | MOEA/D | | | 436.10 | 0.197264 | 1 | 1 |
| NSGA-II | | 100 | 343.23 | 0.197154 | 3 | 3 | | | | 581.77 | 0.198445 | 2 | 1 | | | | 302.40 | 0.193841 | 4 | 4 | MOEA/D | | | 656.27 | 0.198507 | 1 | 1 |
| NSGA-II | | 200 | 608.87 | 0.198481 | 3 | 3 | | | | 863.77 | 0.199031 | 1 | 1 | | | | 468.10 | 0.197055 | 4 | 4 | MOEA/D | | | 857.50 | 0.199034 | 1 | 1 |
| NSGA-II | 5 | 50 | 157.80 | 0.146900 | 4 | 3 | | | | 526.10 | 0.153434 | 2 | 2 | | | | 190.17 | 0.139987 | 3 | 4 | MOEA/D | | | 904.10 | 0.154429 | 1 | 1 |
| NSGA-II | | 100 | 341.60 | 0.151905 | 3 | 3 | | | | 986.43 | 0.156632 | 2 | 2 | | | | 329.70 | 0.145065 | 3 | 4 | MOEA/D | | | 1479.13 | 0.157620 | 1 | 1 |
| NSGA-II | | 200 | 718.50 | 0.155398 | 3 | 3 | | | | 1631.47 | 0.158275 | 2 | 2 | | | | 602.30 | 0.150032 | 4 | 4 | MOEA/D | | | 2219.17 | 0.159051 | 1 | 1 |
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