Malmquist–Luenberger Productivity Index for a Two-Stage Structure in the Presence of Undesirable Outputs and Uncertainty

Table 3

Recent progress in stochastic, fuzzy, and robust optimization with MPI in the NDEA and DEA.

Authors	DEA/uncertainty parameters	Robust approach	Applications scope
Peykani et al. [30]	CCR	Fuzzy	Investment firms
Dar et al. [31]	CCR/BCC/input	SFA	Banking sector
Salahi et al. [32]	CCR/CSW/in-output	Interval	Energy/forest district
Salahi et al. [33]	Russell/in-output	Interval	Banking sector
Salahi et al. [34]	CCR-CSW/output	Bertsimas	Banking sector
Soltanzadeh and Omrani [35]	CCR/in-output	Fuzzy	Airline companies
Akbarian [36]	BCC	Interval	Numerical example
Shakouri et al. [37]	CCR/input	Stochastic -robust	Banking sector
Shakouri et al. [38]	CCR	Stochastic -robust	Banking sector
Mehdizadeh et al. [39]	CCR	Stochastic	Commercial banks
Tavana et al. [40]	CCR	Fuzzy	Refinary