Determinants of Virologic Failure among Adult HIV Patients on First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Waghimra Zone, Northern Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

Table 2

Hematologic and immunological findings on ART clients at Waghimra zone health institution ART clinic, Northern Ethiopia, in 2019 (n = 276).

Variable		Cases (n %)	Control (n %)	Chi-square (X^2)	value
Hematologic factors
Baseline WBC count
1–3.9 × 10³ cells/mm³		20 (21.7)	22 (11.9)	11.532	0.003
4–10.9 × 10³ cells/mm³		67 (72.8)	130 (70.7)
>11 × 10³ cells/mm³		5 (5.4)	32 (17.4)
Baseline hemoglobin level
<11.9 g/dl		40 (43.5)	74 (40.2)	0.233	0.629
≥12 g/dl		52 (56.5)	110 (59.8)
Current hemoglobin level
<11.9 g/dl		8 (8.7)	12 (6.5)	0.431	0.511
≥12 g/dl		84 (91.3)	172 (93.5)
Immunological factors
Baseline CD4 count
<200		65 (70.7)	113 (61.4)	2.286	0.131
≥200		27 (29.3)	71 (38.6)
Peak CD4 count
<200		13 (14.1)	9 (4.9)	7.137	0.08
≥200		79 (85.9)	175 (95.1)
Current CD4 count
<200		40 (43.5)	38 (20.7)	15.762	<0.001
≥200		52 (56.5)	146 (79.3