Research Article

Factors Associated with U5M in the Afar Region of Ethiopia

Table 2

Factors associated with child mortality among children of 0–59 months in Afar region, Ethiopia (n = 1475).

VariablesCategoryChild death
No Yes COR AOR

Father’s educational levelNo education552 (78.4)680 (88.2)1.001.00
Primary education94 (13.4)74 (9.6)0.64 (0.46, 0.88)1.13 (0.75, 1.72)
Secondary education58 (8.2)17 (2.2)0.24 (0.14, 0.41)0.66 (0.31, 1.39)
Pearson  = 35.122, df = 2, value

Mother’s educational levelNo education585 (83.1)727 (94.3)1.001.00
Primary education101 (14.3)43 (5.6)0.43 (0.30, 0.61)0.94 (0.58, 1.54)
Secondary education18 (2.6)1 (0.1)0.06 (0.01, 0.42)0.90 (0.09, 8.57)
Pearson  = 51.002, df = 2, value

Twin childSingleton696 (98.9)729 (94.6)1.001.00
Multiple8 (1.1)42 (5.4)5.01 (2.34, 10.75)5.37 (2.12, 13.62)
Pearson  = 20.884, df = 1, value

Place of deliveryHome618 (87.8)747 (96.9)1.001.00
Public sector78 (11.1)24 (3.1)0.25 (0.16, 0.41)0.72 (0.37, 1.37)
Private8 (1.1)0 (0.0)
Pearson  = 45.831, df = 2, value

Mother’s occupationNo working607 (86.2)631 (81.8)1.001.00
Had working97 (13.8)140 (18.2)1.44 (1.12, 1.87)1.47 (0.99, 2.19)
Pearson  = 5.234, df = 1, value = 0.022

Husband’s/parent’s OccupationNo working88 (12.5)183 (23.7)1.001.00
Working616 (87.5)588 (76.3)0.95 (0.85, 1.07)0.98 (0.65, 1.48)
Pearson  = 30.974, df = 1, value

Current marital statusOthers26 (3.7)61 (7.9)1.001.00
Married678 (96.3)710 (92.1)1.05 (0.94, 1.16)0.67 (0.31, 1.44)
Pearson  = 11.799, df = 1, value = 0.001

Age of respondents at first birth (years)327 (46.4)448 (58.10)1.001.00
16377 (53.6)323 (41.9)0.86 (0.74, 0.99)0.47 (0.35, 0.62)
Pearson  = 20.055, df = 1, value

Sources of drinking waterPiped84 (66.7)42 (33.3)1.001.00
Others620 (46.0)729 (54.0)1.18 (1.06, 1.31)1.92 (0.54, 6.81)
Pearson  = 19.805, df = 1, value

Types of toilet facilityUse toilet140 (53.6)121 (46.40)1.001.00
No any kind of toilet564 (46.50)650 (53.50)1.15 (1.03, 1.29)0.67 (0.43, 1.04)
Pearson  = 4.441, df = 1, value = 0.035

Currently breast feedingNo249 (33.5)494 (66.5)1.001.00
Yes455 (62.2)277 (37.8)0.61 (0.52, 0.71)0.41 (0.32, 0.54)
Pearson  = 121.3, df = 1, value

Birth orderFirst203 (62.5)122 (37.5)1.001.00
2-3244 (50.0)244 (50.0)1.00 (0.84, 1.19)1.47 (0.97, 2.23)
4 and above257 (38.8)405 (61.2)1.58 (1.35, 1.84)1.39 (0.88, 2.20)
Pearson  = 50.336, df = 2, value

Place of residenceUrban79 (66.9)39 (33.1)1.001.00
Rural625 (46.1)732 (53.9)1.17 (1.05, 1.30)2.54 (2.49, 2.58)
Pearson  = 18.992, df = 1, value

ReligionOrthodox24 (68.6)11 (31.4)1.001.00
Muslim674 (47.3)752 (52.7)1.12 (1.01, 1.24)1.16 (0.31, 4.45)
Others6 (42.9)8 (57.1)1.33 (0.46, 3.84)3.56 (0.51, 25.09)
Pearson  = 6.350, df = 2, value = 0.042

Currently using contraceptive methodsNo652 (46.3)756 (53.7)1.001.00
Yes52 (77.6)15 (22.4)0.29 (0.16, 0.51)0.38 (0.15, 0.94)
Pearson  = 25.123, df = 1, value

Vaccination of childNo528 (42.7)709 (57.3)1.001.00
Yes176 (73.9)62 (26.1)0.35 (0.26, 0.47)0.40 (0.27, 0.59)
Pearson  = 78.207, df = 1, value

Family size1–3116 (55.5)93 (44.5)1.001.00
4–6318 (50.8)308 (49.2)0.97 (0.83, 1.13)0.65 (0.41, 1.02)
270 (42.2)370 (57.8)1.37 (1.17, 1.61)0.49 (0.29, 0.80)
Pearson  = 15.304, df = 2, value

Wealth statusPoor598 (45.2)725 (54.8)1.001.00
Medium10 (47.6)11 (52.4)1.10 (0.47, 2.59)1.19 (0.34, 4.12)
Rich96 (73.3)35 (26.7)0.36 (0.25, 0.54)0.03 (0.01, 0.16)
Pearson  = 37.678, df = 2, value

Mother’s age group (years)Below 20133 (81.1)31 (18.9)1.001.00
20–29382 (64.1)214 (35.9)0.56 (0.47, 0.66)0.l
30–39165 (34.7)310 (65.3)1.88 (1.56, 2.27)12.43 (6.86, 22.51)
24 (10.0)216 (90.0)9 (5.90, 13.72)46.31(21.74, 98.67)
Pearson  = 306.2, df = 3, value

Number of antenatal visitsNo visits487 (41.0)701 (59.0)1.001.00
1–3130 (72.6)49 (27.4)0.37 (0.27, 0.52)0.48 (0.31, 0.74)
4 and above87 (80.6)21 (19.4)0.24 (0.15, 0.39)0.44 (0.24, 0.81)
Pearson  = 112.7, df = 2, value

Statistically significant variables at level of significance; AOR: adjusted odds ratio, COR: crude odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.