Measles-Rubella Positivity Rate and Associated Factors in Pre-Mass and Post-Mass Vaccination Periods: Analysis of Uganda Routine Surveillance Laboratory Data

Table 3

Factors associated with the rubella outcome among laboratory-examined cases before and after the 2019 measles-rubella mass vaccination campaign.

Variable	Precampaign season (n = 1367)				Postcampaign season (n = 316)
	Positive	Negative	χ2	value	Positive	Negative	χ2	value
Sex
Male	157 (22.11)	553 (77.89)	0.12	0.719	14 (7.95)	162 (92.05)	1.10	0.295
Female	140 (21.31)	517 (78.69)			7 (5.00)	133 (95.00)
Age
UANE	4 (3.54)	109 (96.46)		<0.001	0 (0.00)	50 (100)		0.058
RICE	278 (24.84)	841 (75.16)			15 (7.21)	193 (92.79)
OANE	15 (11.11)	120 (88.89)			6 (10.34)	52 (89.66)
Place of residence
Urban	0 (0.00)	1 (100)		1.000	0 (0.00)	2 (100)		1.000
Rural	297 (21.74)	1069 (78.26)			21 (6.69)	293 (93.31)
Vaccination status
Not vaccinated	119 (17.68)	554 (82.32)	32.79	<0.001	3 (2.29)	128 (97.71)		0.001
1 dose	140 (28.17)	357 (71.83)			11 (14.29)	66 (85.71)
2+ doses	23 (34.33)	44 (65.67)			1 (1.67)	59 (98.33)
Unknown	15 (11.54)	115 (88.46)			6 (12.50)	42 (87.50)
Vitamin A doses
1 dose	83 (22.99)	278 (77.01)	4.85	0.089	9 (13.24)	59 (86.76)	6.60	0.037
2+ doses	116 (24.12)	365 (75.88)			7 (6.09)	108 (93.91)
Zero/unknown	98 (18.67)	427 (81.33)			5 (3.76)	128 (96.24)
Specimen condition
Good	296 (21.75)	1065 (78.25)		1.000	21 (6.65)	295 (93.35)
Bad	1 (20.00)	4 (80.00)			0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)

Fisher’s exact test; not applicable.