| | Independent variables | Coding categories | Pneumonia status | Univariate logistic regression | Multivariate logistic regression | | Positive (percent) | Negative (percent) | COR (95% CI) | value | AOR (95% CI) | value |
| | Age | Below 1 year | 49 (33.6) | 97 (66.4) | 0.598 (0.295, 1.216) | 0.156 | 0.897 (0.317, 2.539) | 0.837 | | 1–3 years old | 36 (17.9) | 165 (82.1) | 1.386 (0.676, 2.840) | 0.373 | 1.439 (0.568, 3.845) | 0.443 | | 3–5 years old | 13 (24.1) | 43 (75.9) | 1 | | | |
| | Residence | Rural | 48 (30.4) | 110 (69.6) | 1.702 (1.074, 2.695) | 0.023 | 0.538 (0.303, 0.953) | 0.034 | | Urban | 50 (20.4) | 195 (79.6) | 1 | | | |
| | Size of the family | >5 | 22 (31.8) | 47 (68.2) | 1.450 (0.799, 2.633) | 0.222 | 0.465 (0.200, 1.081) | 0.075 | | 4–5 | 51 (24.4) | 158 (75.6) | 1.872 (0.958, 3.658) | 0.066 | 0.651 (0.342, 1.238) | 0.191 | | ≤3 | 25 (20) | 100 (80) | 1 | | | |
| | Monthly income of the family (birr) | <1000 birr ($19.03) | 42 (27.8) | 109 (72.2) | 0.590 (0.304, 1.146) | 0.119 | 0.589 (0.262, 1.326) | 0.201 | | 1000–2500 birr ($19.03–47.57) | 41 (23.9) | 130 (76.1) | 0.721 (0.372, 1.396) | 0.332 | 0.872(0.397, 1.919) | 0.734 | | >2500 birr ($47.57) | 15 (18.5) | 66 (81.5) | 1 | | | |
| | Maternal occupation | House wives | 51 (20.1) | 203 (79.9) | 1.393 (0.559, 3.474) | 0.477 | 1.274 (0.158, 10.296) | 0.820 | | Daily labor | 11 (40.7) | 16 (59.3) | 0.509 (0.161, 1.613) | 0.261 | 0.168 (0.014, 2.061) | 0.163 | | Merchant | 21 (25.6) | 61 (74.4) | 1.017 (0.377, 2.745) | 0.974 | 0.784 (0.086, 7.114) | 0.829 | | Student | 8 (61.5) | 5 (38.5) | 0.219 (0.053, 0.896) | 0.035 | 1.011 (0.972, 3.643) | 0.061 | | Civil servant | 7 (25.9) | 20 (74.1) | 1 | | | |
| | Source of fuel for cooking | Wood | 69 (28.9) | 170 (71.1) | 1.232 (0.3, 5.065) | 0.773 | 2.769 (0.488, 15.727) | 0.049 | | Charcoal | 26 (16.7) | 129 (83.3) | 2.481 (0.583, 10.56) | 0.219 | 1.390 (0.251, 7.697) | 0.706 | | Electricity | 3 (33.3) | 6 (66.7) | 1 | | | |
| | Cooking area | Kitchen | 59 (24.7) | 180 (75.3) | 1 | | | | | Outdoor | 25 (19.7) | 102 (80.3) | 1.857 (0.898, 3.84) | 0.095 | 0.520 (0.205, 1.319) | 0.169 | | Living room | 14 (37.8) | 23 (62.2) | 2.483 (1.121, 5.502) | 0.025 | 0.895 (0.481, 1.665) | 0.726 |
| | Presence of windows in the kitchen | No | 61 (28.4) | 154 (71.6) | 0.619 (0.388, 0.986) | 0.043 | 0.626 (0.361, 1.085) | 0.045 | | Yes | 37 (19.7) | 151 (80.3) | 1 | | | |
| | Number of windows in the main house | > three | 21 (23.8) | 67 (76.2) | 1 | | | | | Two | 23 (20.9) | 87 (79.1) | 1.186 (0.606, 2.321) | 0.619 | 1.503 (0.689, 3.280) | 0.306 | | One | 27 (19.3) | 113 (80.7) | 1.312 (0.688, 2.501) | 0.410 | 1.252 (0.591, 2.653) | 0.557 | | No window | 27 (41.5) | 38 (58.5) | 0.441 (0.220, 0.884) | 0.021 | 0.598 (0.264, 1.356) | 0.218 |
| | BF status of the child | Mixed BF | 60 (44.1) | 76 (55.9) | 0.21 (0.130, 0.340) | 0.001 | 5.229 (3.025, 9.041) | 0.001 | | Exclusive BF | 38 (14.2) | 229 (85.8) | 1 | | | |
| | Years of BF | Up to 1 year | 12 (29.3) | 29 (70.7) | 2.240 (1.109, 4.526) | 0.025 | 1.357 (0.509, 3.613) | 0.542 | | Up to 2 years | 25 (19.8) | 101 (80.2) | 1.752 (1.009, 3.041) | 0.046 | 1.699 (0.179, 16.101) | 0.644 | | Up to date | 49 (30.2) | 113 (69.2) | 1.048 (0.494, 2.222) | 0.903 | 1.599 (0.729, 3.505) | 0.242 | | >2 years | 12 (16.2) | 62 (83.8) | 1 | | | |
| | Age when complementary feed started | >6 months | 29 (20.7) | 111 (79.3) | 1 | | | | | <6 months | 23 (14.0) | 131 (86.0) | 1.037 (0.593, 1.814) | 0.898 | 2.080 (1.061, 4.076) | 0.033 | | Not started | 36 (36.7) | 63 (63.3) | 0.457 (0.256, 0.815) | 0.008 | 1.925 (0.961, 3.855) | 0.065 |
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