Therapeutic Properties of Stingless Bee Honey in Comparison with European Bee Honey

Table 2

Common phenolic compounds with their potential health benefits found in both European bee honeys and stingless bee honeys.

Compound	Molecular formulae	Potential health benefits	References
Gallic acid	C7H6O5	Antioxidant	[38]
		Anti-inflammatory
		Cardioprotective activity
		Antimutagenic
		Anticancer
Caffeic acid	C9H8O4	Cardiovascular diseases treatment	[39]
		Anti-inflammatory effects	[40]
		Anticancer	[41, 42]
		Antidiabetic	[43]
Catechin	C15H14O6	Cardiovascular diseases treatment	[44]
		Antidiabetic potential	[45]
		Anti-inflammatory
Apigenin	C15H10O5	Anti-inflammatory	[46]
		Antimutagenic
		Treating cardiovascular diseases	[37]
Chrysin	C15H10O4	Improves cognitive deficits and brain damage	[47]
		Anticancer
Cinnamic acid	C9H8O2	Improves cognitive deficits and brain damage effect	[47]
		Antimicrobial effect	[48]
Kaempferol	C15H10O6	Cardiovascular diseases treatment	[39]
p-Coumaric acid	C9H8O3	Anticancer activity	[41, 43]
		Improves cognitive deficits and brain damage effect	[47]
Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin)	C27H30O16	Antiallergic	[49]
		Anti-inflammatory
		Antiproliferative
		Antitumor