Ameliorative Effect of Vernonia amygdalina Plant Extract on Heavy Metal-Induced Liver and Kidney Dysfunction in Rats

Table 3

Effects of EEVA on liver and kidney function biomarkers in rats with lead- (Pb-) induced heavy metal toxicity.

Lead group	Indicators (mean ± SD)
	AST	ALT	GGT	Urea	Creatinine
Control group	21.32 ± 10.29	31.10 ± 1.637	27.283 ± 0.688	5.233 ± 0.589	83.0 ± 2.61
Pb only	95.63 ± 4.25	80.20 ± 2.53	73.98 ± 3.71	17.967 ± 0.582	194.50 ± 7.06
Pb + recovery	76.0 ± 2.416	66.483 ± 0.947	57.067 ± 1.186	15.2 ± 1.270	166.33 ± 8.02
Pb + 100 mg/kg	39.483 ± 0.937	49.2 ± 1.430	47.367 ± 1.140	7.9833 ± 0.2137	118.33 ± 2.50
Pb + 200 mg/kg	35.283 ± 0.422	42.367 ± 2.062	36.950 ± 1.607	7.350 ± 0.409	108.5 ± 7.01
Pb + 300 mg/kg	30.483 ± 1.201	35.217 ± 0.847	31.0 ± 1.362	6.617 ± 0.299	94.92 ± 3.23

Values are presented as mean ± SD. value <0.05 is statistically significant.