Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Research Article

Phytochemical Analysis, Antifungal, and Antioxidant Properties of Two Herbs (Tristemma mauritianum and Crassocephalum bougheyanum) and One Tree (Lavigeria macrocarpa) Species

Table 7

Interactions of ketoconazole with the plant extracts against yeast Candida isolates.


Yeast species	T. mauritianum (aerial parts)				L. macrocarpa (leaves)				C. bougheyanum (aerial parts)
Yeast species	FIC_A	FIC_B	∑FIC	Interpretation	FIC_A	FIC_B	∑FIC	Interpretation	FIC_A	FIC_B	∑FIC	Interpretation

Candida dubliniensis 5 : I52	0.125	0.125	0.25	Synergistic	0.015	<1	<2	Indifferent	0.015	0.25	0.3	Synergy
Candida dubliniensis 1 : I59	1	0.25	1.25	Indifferent	1	<1	<2	Indifferent	0.25	0.5	0.75	Additive
Candida dubliniensis 3 : I81	0.125	0.25	0.375	Synergistic	0.5	0.25	0.75	Additive	0.5	0.125	0.625	Additive
Candida albicans 7Ca	1	0.25	1.25	Indifferent	0.031	0.125	0.156	Synergistic	0.5	0.125	0.625	Additive
Candida albicans 11Ca	0.5	1	1.5	Indifferent	0.5	<1	1	Indifferent	0.25	1	1.25	Indifferent
Candida albicans 18Ca	0.25	0.125	0.375	Synergistic	0.5	0.25	0.75	Additive	1	0.25	1.25	Indifferent
Candida albicans Cppc BACT 017	0.25	0.25	0.25	Synergistic	0.25	0.125	0.375	Synergistic	0.5	0.5	1	Additive
Candida glabrata 11 : I81	0.5	1	1.5	Indifferent	0.25	0.125	0.375	Synergistic	0.25	0.125	0.375	Synergy
Candida glabrata 10 : I39	0.5	0.25	0.75	Additive	0.25	0.25	0.5	Synergistic	0.25	(0.25)	0.5	Synergy
Candida tropicalis Cpc BACT 018	1	0.25	1.25	Indifferent	0.25	0.125	0.375	Synergistic	0.25	<1	<2	Indifferent

FIC_A: MIC of the ketoconazole tested in combination/MIC of ketoconazole tested alone; FIC_B: MIC of the extract tested in combination/MIC of the extract tested alone; ∑FIC: FIC_A + FIC_E.