Development of White Cabbage, Coffee, and Red Onion Extracts as Natural Phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) Inhibitors for Cognitive Dysfunction: In Vitro and In Silico Studies

Table 4

Summary of PDE4B1 inhibitory activities (IC₅₀ values) of test compounds, extracts, and rolipram.

Sr. no.	Test sample	IC50 values (µM)
1	Sinigrin	0.27 ± 0.009
2	Chlorogenic acid	0.20 ± 0.03
3	Quercetin	0.25 ± 0.01
4	Combo standard	0.17 ± 0.03
5	Coffee extract	0.18 ± 0.03
6	Red onion	0.22 ± 0.02
7	White cabbage extract	0.24 ± 0.01
8	Combo extract	0.12 ± 0.03
9	Rolipram	0.15 ± 0.008

The values were the average of the three independent experiments, expressed as means standard deviation (SD). IC₅₀ = median inhibitory concentration and µM = micromolar.