Hematological and Histopathological Changes of Juvenile Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) Exposed to Lethal and Sublethal Concentrations of Roundup (Glyphosate 41% SL)

Table 5

Results of blood biochemical tests (mean ± SD) of adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) at 96 hr after exposure to different levels of commercial formulation of glyphosate (Roundup 41% SL, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany).

Blood parameters	Control (0 mL L^−1)	50 mL L^−1	100 mL L^−1	150 mL L^−1
RBC (10^6μL)	2.31 ± 0.06^a	2.30 ± 0.8^a	1.56 ± 0.09^b	1.29 ± 0.72^c
WBC (10^4μL)	2.27 ± 0.53 ^a	2.23 ± 0.69^a	1.81 ± 0.12^b	1.79 ± 0.32^b
Hematocrit (%)	45.33 ± 0.6^a	44.2 ± 0.7^a	37.4 ± 0.02^b	32.9 ± 0.13^c
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	8.04 ± 0.31^a	7.91 ± 0.76^a	5.25 ± 0.46^b	5.24 ± 0.63^b
Glucose (mg/dL)	4.14 ± 0.07^a	4.12 ± 0.11^a	3.24 ± 0.03^b	2.04 ± 0. 13^c
Total protein (mg/dL)	1.88 ± 0.31^d	2.94 ± 0.12^b	2.96 ± 0.13^b	3.68 ± 0.21^a
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	1.89 ± 0.16^d	2.33 ± 0.04^a	2.31 ± 0.09^a	2.33 ± 0.07^a
Cholesterol (mg/dL)	3.87 ± 0.22^c	3.89 ± 0.31^c	4.16 ± 0.04^a	4.15 ± 0.04^a
Albumin (mg/dL)	0.52 ± 0.05^b	0.67 ± 0.12^a	0.65 ± 0.41^a	0.66 ± 0.03^a

Note: Different letters (a–d) in the same row indicate significant differences ().