Curcumin Supplementation Enhances the Feeding and Growth of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) Fed the Diet Containing 80 g/kg Fish Meal

Table 2

Formulation (g/kg), proximate composition (g/kg), and energy content (MJ/kg) of the test diets.

Ingredient	R^1	P16^1	P8^1	C^1	C5^1	C10^1
Fish meal	400	160	80	80	80	80
Poultry by-product meal		238	317	317	317	317
Protein premix^2	150	150	150	150	150	150
Blood cell meal	23	23	23	23	29	33
Soybean meal	131	131	132	132	121	112
Cottonseed protein meal	50	50	50	50	50	50
Wheat flour	125	125	125	125	125	125
Choline chloride	2	2	2	2	2	2
Ca (H2PO4)2	20	20	20	20	20	20
DL-met	2	2	2	2	2	2
L-lysine	5	5	5	5	5	5
Vitamin and mineral premix^3	15	15	15	15	15	15
Fish oil	77	78	79	79	79	79
Curcumin					5	10
Dry matter	922	943	944	944	938	934
Crude protein^4	516	519	518	518	518	512
Crude lipid^4	122	121	121	121	121	123
Ash^4	108	115	113	113	113	113
Gross energy^4	21.1	20.2	21.1	21.1	20.0	19.9
Carbon^4	452	475	447	447	467	484
Phosphorus^4	21	19	20	20	19	19

¹R: reference diet; P16: poultry by-product meal (PBM) replaced 60% of the fish meal in diet R; P8 and C (the same diet): PBM replaced 80% of the fish meal in diet R; C5 and C10: PBM replaced 80% of the fish meal in diet R with 5000 and 10000 mg/kg curcumin supplementation, respectively. ²protein premix is a commercial product made by the Hongli feed company of Deqing county (Huzhou, China), and comprised of blood meal, soybean meal, and cottonseed protein concentrate. ³vitamin and mineral premix (per kg diet): vitamin A, 8000 IU; vitamin D₃, 2000 IU; vitamin E, 100 mg; vitamin K₃, 7.5 mg; vitamin B₁, 15 mg; vitamin B₂, 15 mg; vitamin B₆, 12.5 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 0.05 mg; D-biotin, 0.25 mg; D-calcium pantothenate, 40 mg; folic acid, 5 mg; niacinamide, 50 mg; vitamin C, 140 mg; inositol, 120 mg; ethoxyquin, 5 mg; FeSO₄, 40 mg; CuSO₄·5H₂O, 25 mg; MnSO₄·4H₂O, 10 mg; ZnSO₄, 100 mg; MgSO₄·7H₂O, 200 mg; CoCO₃, 0.35 mg; KI, 0.05 mg; and Na₂SeO₃, 0.3 mg. ⁴contents of crude protein, crude lipid, ash, gross energy, carbon, and phosphorus reflect the situation of the feed ingredients in natural storage.